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需求:假设AS65001 网络是 电信网 AS65002 网络是移动网,网段202.106.15.0 是电信业务段,网络202.106.48.0 是移动业务段 R1#en R1#conf t R1(config-if)#inter f1/0 配置IP地址 R1(config-if)#ip address 202.106.16.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#inter f0/0 R1(config-if)#ip address 202.106.15.11 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#inter loop 0 配置环回口地址 R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config)#inter f0/1 R1(config-if)#ip address 202.106.12.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config)#no cdp run R1(config)#router isis 启动ISIS协议 R1(config-router)#net 49.0001.0001.0001.0001.00 NET地址 R1(config-router)#is-type level-1 IS类型等级是1 R1(config-router)#ex R1(config)#inter f0/1 R1(config-if)#ip router isis R1(config-if)#inter f1/0 R1(config-if)#ip router isis R1(config-if)#inter loop 0 R1(config-if)#ip router isis R1(config-if)#router bgp 65001 BGP AS65001 R1(config-router)#bgp router-id 1.1.1.1 BGP路由ID R1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65001 建立邻居关系 R1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source l 0 更新源为 环回口 R1(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 remote-as 65001 R1(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:26:27.907: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Up 与2建立邻居关系 R1(config-router)# *Mar 1 00:33:30.271: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 6.6.6.6 Up 与6建立邻居关系 R1(config-router)#ex R1(config)#int f0/0 R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 ip 202.106.15.1 VRRP冗余备份 R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 priority 120 优先级为120 R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 preempt 配置抢占 R1(config-if)#ex R1(config)#track 1 interface f0/1 line-protocol 监控端口 R1(config)#track 2 interface f1/0 line-protocol R1(config-track)#inter f0/0 R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 track 1 R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 track 2 R1(config)#router bgp 65001 R1(config-router)#network 202.106.15.0 mask 255.255.255.0 发布网络 R1(config)#line vty 0 4 开启远程管理 R1(config-line)#password 110 R1(config-line)#login R1(config-line)#exit R1(config)#enable secret 110 R1#show vrrp br R1是主路由器 Interface Grp Pri Time Own Pre State Master addr Group addr Fa0/0 1 120 3531 Y Master 202.106.15.11 202.106.15.1 R1#show bgp BGP table version is 5, local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path r>i2.2.2.2/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 i *> 202.106.15.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i *>i202.106.48.0 3.3.3.3 0 100 0 65002 i Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd 邻居关系表 2.2.2.2 4 65001 42 41 5 0 0 00:19:10 2 6.6.6.6 4 65001 31 32 5 0 0 00:27:03 0 R2>en R2#conf t R2(config)#inter f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip address 202.106.12.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#inter f1/0 R2(config-if)#no switchport R2(config-if)#ip address 202.106.52.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#inter f1/1 R2(config-if)#no switchport R2(config-if)#ip address 202.106.26.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#inter f0/1 R2(config-if)#ip address 202.106.23.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#int loop 0 R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#ex R2(config)#no cdp run R2(config)#router isis R2(config-router)#net 49.0001.0002.0002.0002.00 R2(config-router)#ex R2(config)#inter f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config)#inter f1/0 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config-if)#inter f1/1 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config-if)#inter f0/1 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config-if)#inter loop 0 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config-if)#router bgp 65001 R2(config-router)#bgp router-id 2.2.2.2 R2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 65001 R2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:26:27.699: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 1.1.1.1 Up R2(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 remote-as 65001 R2(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 update-source l 0 R2(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 remote-as 65001 R2(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 update-source l 0 R2(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 65001 R2(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source l 0 R2(config-router)#*Mar 1 00:30:16.359: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 3.3.3.3 Up R2(config-router)# *Mar 1 00:32:39.059: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 5.5.5.5 Up R2(config-router)# *Mar 1 00:33:58.743: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 6.6.6.6 Up R2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 route-reflector-client 做成路由反射器 R2(config-router)#bgp cluster-id 10 可以把一个反射器或者簇理解为一个大路由器 R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 mask 255.255.255.255 R2(config-router)#ex R2(config)#line vty 0 4 开启远程管理 R2(config-line)#password 123 R2(config-line)#login R2(config-line)#exit R2(config)#enable secret 123 R3的配置 R3>en R3#conf t R3(config)#no cdp run R3(config)#inter f0/0 R3(config-if)#ip address 202.106.23.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#inter f0/1 R3(config-if)#ip address 202.106.34.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#inter f1/0 R3(config-if)#ip address 202.106.37.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#inter loop 0 R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#ex R3(config)#router isis R3(config-router)#net 49.0002.0003.0003.0003.00 R3(config-router)#is-type level-2-only 类型2 (R3(config-router)#ex R3(config)#inter f0/0 R3(config-if)#ip router isis R3(config-if)#inter f1/0 R3(config-if)#ip router isis R3(config-if)#inter loop 0 R3(config-if)#ip router isis R3(config)#router bgp 65001 R3(config-router)#bgp router-id 3.3.3.3 R3(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65001 R3(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:30:16.079: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Up R3(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 remote-as 65001 R3(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 update-source loop 0 R3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 65002 R3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source l 0 R3(config-router)#*Mar 1 00:35:11.975: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 7.7.7.7 Up R3(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 202.106.34.4 配置静态路由 2边路由器都要设置 R3config)#router bgp 65001 R3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 ebgp-multihop 2 TTL值设置成2 跳数2 *Mar 1 00:34:10.268: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 4.4.4.4 Up R3(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 next-hop-self 告诉自己 下一条是2.2.2.2 R3(config-router)#end R3#write Building configuration... [OK] R4>en R4#conf t R4(config)#inter f0/0 R4(config-if)#ip address 202.106.34.4 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#inter f0/1 R4(config-if)#ip address 202.106.48.4 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#ex R4(config)#no cdp run R4(config)#inter loop 0 R4(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#router isis R4(config-router)#net 49.0001.0004.0004.0004.00 R4(config-router)#is-type level-2-only R4(config-router)#ex R4(config)#inter f0/1 R4(config-if)#ip router isis R4(config-if)#inter loop 0 R4(config-if)#ip router isis R4(config-if)#router bgp 65002 R4(config-router)#bgp router-id 4.4.4.4 R4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 65001 R4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source l 0 R4(config-router)#neighbor 8.8.8.8 remote-as 65002 R4(config-router)#neighbor 8.8.8.8 update-source l 0 R4(config-router)#*Mar 1 00:36:37.467: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 8.8.8.8 Up R4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 ebgp-multihop 2 R4(config-router)#ex R4(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 202.106.34.3 R4(config)#*Mar 1 00:38:59.495: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 3.3.3.3 Up R4(config)#router bgp 65002 R4(config-router)#network 202.106.48.0 mask 255.255.255.0 发布网络断 R4(config-router)#end R5>en R5#conf t R5(config)#inter f0/0 R5(config-if)#ip address 202.106.15.55 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#inter f0/1 R5(config-if)#ip address 202.106.56.5 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#inter loop 0 R5(config-if)#ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#inter f1/0 R5(config-if)#ip address 202.106.52.5 255.255.255.0 R5(config-if)#no shut R5(config-if)#ex R5(config)#no cdp run R5(config)#router isis R5(config-router)#net 49.0001.0005.0005.0005.00 R5(config-router)#is-type level-1 R5(config)#inter f0/1 R5(config-if)#ip router isis R5(config-if)#inter f1/0 R5(config-if)#ip router isis R5(config-if)#inter loop 0 R5(config-if)#ip router isis R5(config-if)#router bgp 65001 R5(config-router)#bgp router-id 5.5.5.5 R5(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65001 R5(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:32:38.279: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Up R5(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 remote-as 65001 R5(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 update-source l 0 R5(config-router)#*Mar 1 00:34:18.087: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 6.6.6.6 Up R5(config-router)# *Mar 1 00:41:42.131: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 6.6.6.6 Down Peer closed the session R5(config-router)# *Mar 1 00:41:43.787: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 6.6.6.6 Up R5(config-router)#inter f0/0 R5(config-if)#vrrp 1 ip 202.106.15.1 R5(config-if)#vrrp 1 preempt R5(config-if)#vrrp 1 priority 115 R5(config-if)#end R5#write Building configuration... [OK] R5#show vrrp b Interface Grp Pri Time Own Pre State Master addr Group addr 备份路由器 fa0/0 1 115 3550 Y Backup 202.106.15.11 202.106.15.1 R6>en R6#conf t R6(config)#inter f0/0 R6(config-if)#ip address 202.106.56.6 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config)#no cdp run R6(config)#inter f0/1 R6(config-if)#ip address 202.106.67.6 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#inter f1/1 R6(config-if)#no switchport R6(config-if)#ip address 202.106.26.6 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#inter f1/0 R6(config-if)#no switchport R6(config-if)#ip address 202.106.16.6 255.255.255.0 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config-if)#inter loop 0 R6(config-if)#ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255 R6(config-if)#no shut R6(config)#inter f0/0 R6(config-if)#ip router isis R6(config-if)#inter f0/1 R6(config-if)#ip router isis R6(config-if)#inter f1/0 R6(config-if)#ip router isis R6(config-if)#inter f1/1 R6(config-if)#ip router isis R6(config-if)#inter loop 0 R6(config-if)#ip router isis R6(config-if)#router bgp 65001 R6(config-router)#bgp router-id 6.6.6.6 R6(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 65001 R6(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source l 0 R6(config-router)#*Mar 1 00:33:28.955: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 1.1.1.1 Up R6(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65001 R6(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source l 0 R6(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 remote-as 65001*Mar 1 00:33:57.679: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Up R6(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 update-source l 0 R6(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 remote-as 65001*Mar 1 00:34:17.823: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 5.5.5.5 UpR6(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:35:46.483: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 7.7.7.7 UpR6(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 route-reflector-client R6(config-router)#bgp cluster-id 10 R6(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 next-hop-self R6(config-router)#end R6#write Building configuration... R7>en R7#conf t R7(config)#no cdp run R7(config)#inter f0/0 R7(config-if)#ip address 202.106.67.7 255.255.255.0 R7(config-if)#no shut R7(config-if)#inter f0/1 R7(config-if)#ip address 202.106.78.7 255.255.255.0 R7(config-if)#no shut R7(config-if)#inter f1/0 R7(config-if)#ip add 202.106.37.7 255.255.255.0 R7(config-if)#no shut R7(config-if)#inter loop 0 R7(config-if)#ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255 R7(config-if)#no shut R7(config-if)#router isi R7(config-router)#net 49.0002.0007.0007.0007.00 R7(config-router)#is-type level-2-only R7(config-router)#ex R7(config-if)#inter f0/0 R7(config-if)#ip router isis R7(config-if)#inter f1/0 R7(config-if)#ip router isis R7(config-if)#inter loop 0 R7(config-if)#ip router isis R7(config)#router bgp 65001 R7(config-router)#bgp rout R7(config-router)#bgp router-id 7.7.7.7 R7(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 65001 R7(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:35:10.983: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 3.3.3.3 Up R7(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 remote-as 65001 R7(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 update-source l 0 R7(config-router)#neighbor 8.8.8.8 remote-as 65002 R7(config-router)#neighbor 8.8.8.8 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:35:46.287: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 6.6.6.6 Up R7(config-router)#neighbor 8.8.8.8 ebgp-multihop 2 R7(config-router)#ex R7(config)#ip route 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255 202.106.78.8 R7(config)#*Mar 1 00:40:02.355: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 8.8.8.8 Up R7(config)#end R7# R7#write Building configuration... R8>en R8#conf t R8(config)#no cdp run R8(config)#inter f0/0 R8(config-if)#ip address 202.106.78.8 255.255.255.0 R8(config-if)#no shut R8(config-if)#inter f0/1 R8(config-if)#ip address 202.106.48.8 255.255.255.0 R8(config-if)#no shut R8(config-if)#inter loop 0 R8(config-if)#ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255 R8(config-if)#no shut R8(config-if)#router isis R8(config-router)#net 49.0001.0008.0008.0008.00 R8(config-router)#is-type level-2-only R8(config-router)#ex R8(config)#inter f0/1 R8(config-if)#ip router isis R8(config-if)#inter loo 0 R8(config-if)#ip router isis R8(config-if)#router bgp 65002 R8(config-router)#bgp router-id 8.8.8.8 R8(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 65002 R8(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source l 0*Mar 1 00:36:36.471: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 4.4.4.4 Up R8(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 remote-as 65001 R8(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 update-source l 0 R8(config-router)#neighbor 7.7.7.7 ebgp-multihop 2 R8(config)#ip route 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255 202.106.78.7*Mar 1 00:40:02.115: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 7.7.7.7 Up R8(config)#end R8#write Building configuration... [OK] 最后测试R4#ping 202.106.15.11 so R4#ping 202.106.15.11 source 202.106.48.4 用源地址202.106.48.4 ping 202.106.15.11 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 202.106.15.11, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 202.106.48.4 !!!!! R4#telnet 2.2.2.2 /source-interface f0/1 远程 以2.2.2.2 做跳板 远程1.1.1.1 rying 2.2.2.2 ... Open Password: R2>telnet 1.1.1.1 Trying 1.1.1.1 ... Open User Access Verification 发现进去了 Password: R1>en Password: R1#
启动BGP进程手动指定 RID
手动指邻居(直连邻居和环回口邻居)
邻居shut(邻居信息会保留)
BGP源检测:检查收到包的源地址是不是本地neighbor的地址,不是不能建立邻居(update-source)
随机选择一方建立show tcp bri
两个AS之间有两条或以上物理链路里用环回口建立EBGP邻居,此时要解决邻居可达;更新源;TTL为1问题。
两边都指默认路由不能建立邻居关系
BGP中network 一条路由就是要通告这条路由,并且该路由一定要在本地路由表中存在,且要跟实际掩码。一分钟的更新时间
从EBGP邻居学到的路由只要下一跳可达就可以优化。
从IBGP邻居学到的路由要优化需要下一跳可达(在AS边界上next-hop-self);和IGP同步(取消同步条件)。
路由反映器:RR从EBGP邻居收到的路由会转发给客户端及非客户端;RR客户端收到的路由会转发给其它客户端,非客户端和EBGP邻居;RR从非客户端收到的路由会转发给客户端和EBGP邻居,不会给其它非客户端。
把一个反射器或者簇理解为一个大路由器,但是成员只有RR知道。命令:neighbor ip route-reflector-client 本文转自 cs312779641 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/chenhao6/1179333 转载地址:http://geaql.baihongyu.com/